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  <section id="abstract-objects-layer">
<span id="abstract"></span><h1>Abstract Objects Layer<a class="headerlink" href="#abstract-objects-layer" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>The functions in this chapter interact with Python objects regardless of their
type, or with wide classes of object types (e.g. all numerical types, or all
sequence types).  When used on object types for which they do not apply, they
will raise a Python exception.</p>
<p>It is not possible to use these functions on objects that are not properly
initialized, such as a list object that has been created by <a class="reference internal" href="list.html#c.PyList_New" title="PyList_New"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_New()</span></code></a>,
but whose items have not been set to some non-<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> value yet.</p>
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