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<title>Class and Instance Objects &#8212; Python 2.7.18 documentation</title>
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  <section id="class-and-instance-objects">
<span id="classobjects"></span><h1>Class and Instance Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#class-and-instance-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p id="index-0">Note that the class objects described here represent old-style classes, which
will go away in Python 3. When creating new types for extension modules, you
will want to work with type objects (section <a class="reference internal" href="type.html#typeobjects"><span class="std std-ref">Type Objects</span></a>).</p>
<dl class="c type">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyClassObject">
<span class="k"><span class="pre">type</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyClassObject</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyClassObject" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>The C structure of the objects used to describe built-in classes.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c var">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyClass_Type">
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyClass_Type</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyClass_Type" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p id="index-1">This is the type object for class objects; it is the same object as
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">types.ClassType</span></code> in the Python layer.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyClass_Check">
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyClass_Check</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">o</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyClass_Check" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Return true if the object <em>o</em> is a class object, including instances of types
derived from the standard class object.  Return false in all other cases.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyClass_IsSubclass">
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyClass_IsSubclass</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">klass</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">base</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyClass_IsSubclass" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Return true if <em>klass</em> is a subclass of <em>base</em>. Return false in all other cases.</p>
</dd></dl>

<p id="index-2">There are very few functions specific to instance objects.</p>
<dl class="c var">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyInstance_Type">
<a class="reference internal" href="type.html#c.PyTypeObject" title="PyTypeObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyTypeObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyInstance_Type</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstance_Type" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Type object for class instances.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyInstance_Check">
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyInstance_Check</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">obj</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstance_Check" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Return true if <em>obj</em> is an instance.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyInstance_New">
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyInstance_New</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">class</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">arg</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">kw</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstance_New" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Create a new instance of a specific class.  The parameters <em>arg</em> and <em>kw</em> are
used as the positional and keyword parameters to the object’s constructor.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyInstance_NewRaw">
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyInstance_NewRaw</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">class</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">dict</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstance_NewRaw" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Create a new instance of a specific class without calling its constructor.
<em>class</em> is the class of new object.  The <em>dict</em> parameter will be used as the
object’s <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#object.__dict__" title="object.__dict__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__dict__</span></code></a>; if <em>NULL</em>, a new dictionary will be created for the
instance.</p>
</dd></dl>

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