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2to3.rst.txt
14.3
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__builtin__.rst.txt
1.46
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__future__.rst.txt
4.84
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__main__.rst.txt
535
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_winreg.rst.txt
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abc.rst.txt
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aepack.rst.txt
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aetools.rst.txt
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aetypes.rst.txt
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aifc.rst.txt
6.92
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al.rst.txt
5.18
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allos.rst.txt
695
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anydbm.rst.txt
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archiving.rst.txt
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argparse.rst.txt
72.93
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array.rst.txt
10.28
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ast.rst.txt
10.23
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asynchat.rst.txt
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asyncore.rst.txt
12.63
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atexit.rst.txt
3.82
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audioop.rst.txt
10.15
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autogil.rst.txt
1015
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base64.rst.txt
6.11
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basehttpserver.rst.txt
10.16
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bastion.rst.txt
2.55
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bdb.rst.txt
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binascii.rst.txt
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binhex.rst.txt
1.87
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bisect.rst.txt
5.29
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bsddb.rst.txt
7.4
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bz2.rst.txt
7.88
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calendar.rst.txt
11.02
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carbon.rst.txt
15.58
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cd.rst.txt
11.69
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cgi.rst.txt
22.32
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cgihttpserver.rst.txt
2.72
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cgitb.rst.txt
2.81
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chunk.rst.txt
4.84
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cmath.rst.txt
7.47
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cmd.rst.txt
8.36
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code.rst.txt
6.95
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codecs.rst.txt
65.4
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codeop.rst.txt
3.69
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collections.rst.txt
40.48
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colorpicker.rst.txt
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colorsys.rst.txt
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commands.rst.txt
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compileall.rst.txt
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compiler.rst.txt
36.59
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configparser.rst.txt
19.15
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constants.rst.txt
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contextlib.rst.txt
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cookie.rst.txt
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cookielib.rst.txt
27.22
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copy.rst.txt
3.27
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copy_reg.rst.txt
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crypt.rst.txt
2.24
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crypto.rst.txt
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csv.rst.txt
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ctypes.rst.txt
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curses.ascii.rst.txt
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curses.panel.rst.txt
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curses.rst.txt
73.12
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custominterp.rst.txt
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datatypes.rst.txt
864
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datetime.rst.txt
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dbhash.rst.txt
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dbm.rst.txt
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debug.rst.txt
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decimal.rst.txt
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development.rst.txt
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difflib.rst.txt
30
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dircache.rst.txt
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dis.rst.txt
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distribution.rst.txt
426
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distutils.rst.txt
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dl.rst.txt
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doctest.rst.txt
72.25
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docxmlrpcserver.rst.txt
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dumbdbm.rst.txt
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dummy_thread.rst.txt
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dummy_threading.rst.txt
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easydialogs.rst.txt
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email-examples.rst.txt
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email.charset.rst.txt
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email.encoders.rst.txt
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email.errors.rst.txt
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email.generator.rst.txt
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email.header.rst.txt
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email.iterators.rst.txt
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email.message.rst.txt
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email.mime.rst.txt
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email.parser.rst.txt
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email.rst.txt
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email.utils.rst.txt
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ensurepip.rst.txt
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errno.rst.txt
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exceptions.rst.txt
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fcntl.rst.txt
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filecmp.rst.txt
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fileformats.rst.txt
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fileinput.rst.txt
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filesys.rst.txt
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fl.rst.txt
17.23
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fm.rst.txt
2.64
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fnmatch.rst.txt
3.03
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formatter.rst.txt
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fpectl.rst.txt
4.07
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fpformat.rst.txt
1.71
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fractions.rst.txt
5.17
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framework.rst.txt
11.18
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frameworks.rst.txt
378
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ftplib.rst.txt
15.35
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functions.rst.txt
73.75
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functools.rst.txt
7.27
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future_builtins.rst.txt
1.96
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gc.rst.txt
8.8
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gdbm.rst.txt
4.77
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gensuitemodule.rst.txt
3.04
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getopt.rst.txt
6.51
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getpass.rst.txt
1.83
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gettext.rst.txt
28.36
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gl.rst.txt
5.87
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glob.rst.txt
2.36
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grp.rst.txt
2.2
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gzip.rst.txt
4.71
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hashlib.rst.txt
7.21
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heapq.rst.txt
12.88
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hmac.rst.txt
3
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hotshot.rst.txt
4.19
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htmllib.rst.txt
7.21
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htmlparser.rst.txt
11.37
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httplib.rst.txt
36.58
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i18n.rst.txt
409
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ic.rst.txt
4.89
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idle.rst.txt
21.66
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imageop.rst.txt
3.91
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imaplib.rst.txt
16.82
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imgfile.rst.txt
2.7
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imghdr.rst.txt
2.57
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imp.rst.txt
12.3
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importlib.rst.txt
1.1
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imputil.rst.txt
6.86
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index.rst.txt
2.23
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inspect.rst.txt
27.49
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internet.rst.txt
950
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intro.rst.txt
2.74
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io.rst.txt
38.11
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ipc.rst.txt
630
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itertools.rst.txt
35.67
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jpeg.rst.txt
3.77
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json.rst.txt
24.95
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keyword.rst.txt
617
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language.rst.txt
523
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linecache.rst.txt
1.84
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locale.rst.txt
24.39
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logging.config.rst.txt
30.82
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logging.handlers.rst.txt
27.49
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logging.rst.txt
45.78
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mac.rst.txt
791
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macos.rst.txt
3.73
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macosa.rst.txt
3.87
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macostools.rst.txt
3.92
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macpath.rst.txt
650
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mailbox.rst.txt
66.53
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mailcap.rst.txt
3.59
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markup.rst.txt
1.22
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marshal.rst.txt
5.56
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math.rst.txt
10.66
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md5.rst.txt
2.75
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mhlib.rst.txt
3.87
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mimetools.rst.txt
4.4
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mimetypes.rst.txt
9.61
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mimewriter.rst.txt
3.28
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mimify.rst.txt
3.44
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miniaeframe.rst.txt
2.5
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misc.rst.txt
248
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mm.rst.txt
447
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mmap.rst.txt
10.24
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modulefinder.rst.txt
3.3
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modules.rst.txt
382
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msilib.rst.txt
18.62
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msvcrt.rst.txt
4.24
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multifile.rst.txt
6.46
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multiprocessing.rst.txt
90.45
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mutex.rst.txt
1.89
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netdata.rst.txt
432
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netrc.rst.txt
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new.rst.txt
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nis.rst.txt
2.06
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nntplib.rst.txt
14.19
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numbers.rst.txt
7.82
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numeric.rst.txt
751
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operator.rst.txt
21.57
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optparse.rst.txt
75.29
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os.path.rst.txt
12.79
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os.rst.txt
80.64
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ossaudiodev.rst.txt
16.9
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othergui.rst.txt
2.66
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parser.rst.txt
15.02
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pdb.rst.txt
15.67
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persistence.rst.txt
826
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pickle.rst.txt
36.39
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pickletools.rst.txt
1.95
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pipes.rst.txt
3.7
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pkgutil.rst.txt
7.53
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platform.rst.txt
9.33
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plistlib.rst.txt
4.04
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popen2.rst.txt
6.86
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poplib.rst.txt
6.07
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posix.rst.txt
3.54
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posixfile.rst.txt
7.03
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pprint.rst.txt
8.86
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profile.rst.txt
27.99
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pty.rst.txt
1.72
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pwd.rst.txt
2.66
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py_compile.rst.txt
2.42
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pyclbr.rst.txt
3.22
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pydoc.rst.txt
3.99
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pyexpat.rst.txt
28.21
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python.rst.txt
514
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queue.rst.txt
6.87
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quopri.rst.txt
2.61
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random.rst.txt
13.01
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re.rst.txt
53.81
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readline.rst.txt
10.27
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repr.rst.txt
4.61
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resource.rst.txt
9.37
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restricted.rst.txt
3.25
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rexec.rst.txt
11.47
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rfc822.rst.txt
13.71
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rlcompleter.rst.txt
2.44
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robotparser.rst.txt
2.14
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runpy.rst.txt
6.78
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sched.rst.txt
4.54
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scrolledtext.rst.txt
1.35
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select.rst.txt
20.26
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sets.rst.txt
14.62
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sgi.rst.txt
322
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sgmllib.rst.txt
10.41
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sha.rst.txt
2.74
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shelve.rst.txt
8.12
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shlex.rst.txt
11.05
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shutil.rst.txt
13.17
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signal.rst.txt
10.47
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simplehttpserver.rst.txt
4.45
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simplexmlrpcserver.rst.txt
10.63
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site.rst.txt
7.7
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smtpd.rst.txt
2.41
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smtplib.rst.txt
14.56
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sndhdr.rst.txt
1.72
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socket.rst.txt
39.81
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socketserver.rst.txt
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someos.rst.txt
599
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spwd.rst.txt
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sqlite3.rst.txt
34.62
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ssl.rst.txt
74.91
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stat.rst.txt
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statvfs.rst.txt
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stdtypes.rst.txt
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string.rst.txt
43.05
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stringio.rst.txt
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stringprep.rst.txt
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strings.rst.txt
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struct.rst.txt
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subprocess.rst.txt
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sun.rst.txt
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sunau.rst.txt
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sunaudio.rst.txt
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symbol.rst.txt
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symtable.rst.txt
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sys.rst.txt
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sysconfig.rst.txt
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syslog.rst.txt
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tabnanny.rst.txt
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tarfile.rst.txt
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telnetlib.rst.txt
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tempfile.rst.txt
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termios.rst.txt
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test.rst.txt
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textwrap.rst.txt
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thread.rst.txt
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threading.rst.txt
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time.rst.txt
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timeit.rst.txt
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tix.rst.txt
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tk.rst.txt
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tkinter.rst.txt
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token.rst.txt
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tokenize.rst.txt
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trace.rst.txt
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traceback.rst.txt
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ttk.rst.txt
56.07
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tty.rst.txt
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turtle.rst.txt
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types.rst.txt
6.05
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undoc.rst.txt
6.4
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unicodedata.rst.txt
5.59
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unittest.rst.txt
81.01
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unix.rst.txt
490
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urllib.rst.txt
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urllib2.rst.txt
34.39
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urlparse.rst.txt
16.56
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user.rst.txt
2.68
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userdict.rst.txt
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uu.rst.txt
2.31
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uuid.rst.txt
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warnings.rst.txt
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wave.rst.txt
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weakref.rst.txt
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webbrowser.rst.txt
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whichdb.rst.txt
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windows.rst.txt
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winsound.rst.txt
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wsgiref.rst.txt
29.85
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xdrlib.rst.txt
7.89
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xml.dom.minidom.rst.txt
10.95
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xml.dom.pulldom.rst.txt
1.53
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xml.dom.rst.txt
39.24
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xml.etree.elementtree.rst.txt
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Code Editor : cmd.rst.txt
:mod:`cmd` --- Support for line-oriented command interpreters ============================================================= .. module:: cmd :synopsis: Build line-oriented command interpreters. .. sectionauthor:: Eric S. Raymond <esr@snark.thyrsus.com> **Source code:** :source:`Lib/cmd.py` -------------- The :class:`Cmd` class provides a simple framework for writing line-oriented command interpreters. These are often useful for test harnesses, administrative tools, and prototypes that will later be wrapped in a more sophisticated interface. .. class:: Cmd([completekey[, stdin[, stdout]]]) A :class:`Cmd` instance or subclass instance is a line-oriented interpreter framework. There is no good reason to instantiate :class:`Cmd` itself; rather, it's useful as a superclass of an interpreter class you define yourself in order to inherit :class:`Cmd`'s methods and encapsulate action methods. The optional argument *completekey* is the :mod:`readline` name of a completion key; it defaults to :kbd:`Tab`. If *completekey* is not :const:`None` and :mod:`readline` is available, command completion is done automatically. The optional arguments *stdin* and *stdout* specify the input and output file objects that the Cmd instance or subclass instance will use for input and output. If not specified, they will default to :data:`sys.stdin` and :data:`sys.stdout`. If you want a given *stdin* to be used, make sure to set the instance's :attr:`use_rawinput` attribute to ``False``, otherwise *stdin* will be ignored. .. versionchanged:: 2.3 The *stdin* and *stdout* parameters were added. .. _cmd-objects: Cmd Objects ----------- A :class:`Cmd` instance has the following methods: .. method:: Cmd.cmdloop([intro]) Repeatedly issue a prompt, accept input, parse an initial prefix off the received input, and dispatch to action methods, passing them the remainder of the line as argument. The optional argument is a banner or intro string to be issued before the first prompt (this overrides the :attr:`intro` class attribute). If the :mod:`readline` module is loaded, input will automatically inherit :program:`bash`\ -like history-list editing (e.g. :kbd:`Control-P` scrolls back to the last command, :kbd:`Control-N` forward to the next one, :kbd:`Control-F` moves the cursor to the right non-destructively, :kbd:`Control-B` moves the cursor to the left non-destructively, etc.). An end-of-file on input is passed back as the string ``'EOF'``. An interpreter instance will recognize a command name ``foo`` if and only if it has a method :meth:`do_foo`. As a special case, a line beginning with the character ``'?'`` is dispatched to the method :meth:`do_help`. As another special case, a line beginning with the character ``'!'`` is dispatched to the method :meth:`do_shell` (if such a method is defined). This method will return when the :meth:`postcmd` method returns a true value. The *stop* argument to :meth:`postcmd` is the return value from the command's corresponding :meth:`do_\*` method. If completion is enabled, completing commands will be done automatically, and completing of commands args is done by calling :meth:`complete_foo` with arguments *text*, *line*, *begidx*, and *endidx*. *text* is the string prefix we are attempting to match: all returned matches must begin with it. *line* is the current input line with leading whitespace removed, *begidx* and *endidx* are the beginning and ending indexes of the prefix text, which could be used to provide different completion depending upon which position the argument is in. All subclasses of :class:`Cmd` inherit a predefined :meth:`do_help`. This method, called with an argument ``'bar'``, invokes the corresponding method :meth:`help_bar`, and if that is not present, prints the docstring of :meth:`do_bar`, if available. With no argument, :meth:`do_help` lists all available help topics (that is, all commands with corresponding :meth:`help_\*` methods or commands that have docstrings), and also lists any undocumented commands. .. method:: Cmd.onecmd(str) Interpret the argument as though it had been typed in response to the prompt. This may be overridden, but should not normally need to be; see the :meth:`precmd` and :meth:`postcmd` methods for useful execution hooks. The return value is a flag indicating whether interpretation of commands by the interpreter should stop. If there is a :meth:`do_\*` method for the command *str*, the return value of that method is returned, otherwise the return value from the :meth:`default` method is returned. .. method:: Cmd.emptyline() Method called when an empty line is entered in response to the prompt. If this method is not overridden, it repeats the last nonempty command entered. .. method:: Cmd.default(line) Method called on an input line when the command prefix is not recognized. If this method is not overridden, it prints an error message and returns. .. method:: Cmd.completedefault(text, line, begidx, endidx) Method called to complete an input line when no command-specific :meth:`complete_\*` method is available. By default, it returns an empty list. .. method:: Cmd.precmd(line) Hook method executed just before the command line *line* is interpreted, but after the input prompt is generated and issued. This method is a stub in :class:`Cmd`; it exists to be overridden by subclasses. The return value is used as the command which will be executed by the :meth:`onecmd` method; the :meth:`precmd` implementation may re-write the command or simply return *line* unchanged. .. method:: Cmd.postcmd(stop, line) Hook method executed just after a command dispatch is finished. This method is a stub in :class:`Cmd`; it exists to be overridden by subclasses. *line* is the command line which was executed, and *stop* is a flag which indicates whether execution will be terminated after the call to :meth:`postcmd`; this will be the return value of the :meth:`onecmd` method. The return value of this method will be used as the new value for the internal flag which corresponds to *stop*; returning false will cause interpretation to continue. .. method:: Cmd.preloop() Hook method executed once when :meth:`cmdloop` is called. This method is a stub in :class:`Cmd`; it exists to be overridden by subclasses. .. method:: Cmd.postloop() Hook method executed once when :meth:`cmdloop` is about to return. This method is a stub in :class:`Cmd`; it exists to be overridden by subclasses. Instances of :class:`Cmd` subclasses have some public instance variables: .. attribute:: Cmd.prompt The prompt issued to solicit input. .. attribute:: Cmd.identchars The string of characters accepted for the command prefix. .. attribute:: Cmd.lastcmd The last nonempty command prefix seen. .. attribute:: Cmd.cmdqueue A list of queued input lines. The cmdqueue list is checked in :meth:`cmdloop` when new input is needed; if it is nonempty, its elements will be processed in order, as if entered at the prompt. .. attribute:: Cmd.intro A string to issue as an intro or banner. May be overridden by giving the :meth:`cmdloop` method an argument. .. attribute:: Cmd.doc_header The header to issue if the help output has a section for documented commands. .. attribute:: Cmd.misc_header The header to issue if the help output has a section for miscellaneous help topics (that is, there are :meth:`help_\*` methods without corresponding :meth:`do_\*` methods). .. attribute:: Cmd.undoc_header The header to issue if the help output has a section for undocumented commands (that is, there are :meth:`do_\*` methods without corresponding :meth:`help_\*` methods). .. attribute:: Cmd.ruler The character used to draw separator lines under the help-message headers. If empty, no ruler line is drawn. It defaults to ``'='``. .. attribute:: Cmd.use_rawinput A flag, defaulting to true. If true, :meth:`cmdloop` uses :func:`raw_input` to display a prompt and read the next command; if false, :meth:`sys.stdout.write` and :meth:`sys.stdin.readline` are used. (This means that by importing :mod:`readline`, on systems that support it, the interpreter will automatically support :program:`Emacs`\ -like line editing and command-history keystrokes.)
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