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 <section id="module-FrameWork">
<h1>37.6. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-FrameWork" title="FrameWork: Interactive application framework. (deprecated) (Mac)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">FrameWork</code></a> — Interactive application framework<a class="headerlink" href="#module-FrameWork" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-FrameWork" title="FrameWork: Interactive application framework. (deprecated) (Mac)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">FrameWork</code></a> module contains classes that together provide a framework
for an interactive Macintosh application. The programmer builds an application
by creating subclasses that override various methods of the bases classes,
thereby implementing the functionality wanted. Overriding functionality can
often be done on various different levels, i.e. to handle clicks in a single
dialog window in a non-standard way it is not necessary to override the complete
event handling.
<div class="admonition note">
Note
This module has been removed in Python 3.x.
</div>
Work on the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-FrameWork" title="FrameWork: Interactive application framework. (deprecated) (Mac)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">FrameWork</code></a> has pretty much stopped, now that <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">PyObjC</code> is
available for full Cocoa access from Python, and the documentation describes
only the most important functionality, and not in the most logical manner at
that. Examine the source or the examples for more details. The following are
some comments posted on the MacPython newsgroup about the strengths and
limitations of <a class="reference internal" href="#module-FrameWork" title="FrameWork: Interactive application framework. (deprecated) (Mac)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">FrameWork</code></a>:
<blockquote class="epigraph">
<div>The strong point of <a class="reference internal" href="#module-FrameWork" title="FrameWork: Interactive application framework. (deprecated) (Mac)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">FrameWork</code></a> is that it allows you to break into the
control-flow at many different places. <a class="reference internal" href="undoc.html#module-W" title="W: Widgets for the Mac, built on top of FrameWork. (deprecated) (Mac)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">W</code></a>, for instance, uses a different
way to enable/disable menus and that plugs right in leaving the rest intact.
The weak points of <a class="reference internal" href="#module-FrameWork" title="FrameWork: Interactive application framework. (deprecated) (Mac)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">FrameWork</code></a> are that it has no abstract command
interface (but that shouldn’t be difficult), that its dialog support is minimal
and that its control/toolbar support is non-existent.
</div></blockquote>
The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-FrameWork" title="FrameWork: Interactive application framework. (deprecated) (Mac)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">FrameWork</code></a> module defines the following functions:
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Application">
FrameWork.Application()<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Application" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>An object representing the complete application. See below for a description of
the methods. The default <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">__init__()</code> routine creates an empty window
dictionary and a menu bar with an apple menu.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.MenuBar">
FrameWork.MenuBar()<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.MenuBar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>An object representing the menubar. This object is usually not created by the
user.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Menu">
FrameWork.Menu(bar, title[, after])<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Menu" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>An object representing a menu. Upon creation you pass the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">MenuBar</code> the menu
appears in, the title string and a position (1-based) after where the menu
should appear (default: at the end).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.MenuItem">
FrameWork.MenuItem(menu, title[, shortcut, callback])<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.MenuItem" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Create a menu item object. The arguments are the menu to create, the item title
string and optionally the keyboard shortcut and a callback routine. The callback
is called with the arguments menu-id, item number within menu (1-based), current
front window and the event record.
Instead of a callable object the callback can also be a string. In this case
menu selection causes the lookup of a method in the topmost window and the
application. The method name is the callback string with <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'domenu_'</code>
prepended.
Calling the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">MenuBar</code> <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">fixmenudimstate()</code> method sets the correct dimming
for all menu items based on the current front window.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Separator">
FrameWork.Separator(menu)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Separator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Add a separator to the end of a menu.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.SubMenu">
FrameWork.SubMenu(menu, label)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.SubMenu" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Create a submenu named label under menu menu. The menu object is returned.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Window">
FrameWork.Window(parent)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Window" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Creates a (modeless) window. Parent is the application object to which the
window belongs. The window is not displayed until later.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.DialogWindow">
FrameWork.DialogWindow(parent)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.DialogWindow" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Creates a modeless dialog window.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.windowbounds">
FrameWork.windowbounds(width, height)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.windowbounds" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return a <code class="docutils literal notranslate">(left, top, right, bottom)</code> tuple suitable for creation of a window
of given width and height. The window will be staggered with respect to previous
windows, and an attempt is made to keep the whole window on-screen. However, the
window will however always be the exact size given, so parts may be offscreen.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.setwatchcursor">
FrameWork.setwatchcursor()<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.setwatchcursor" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Set the mouse cursor to a watch.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.setarrowcursor">
FrameWork.setarrowcursor()<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.setarrowcursor" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Set the mouse cursor to an arrow.
</dd></dl>

<section id="application-objects">
<h2>37.6.1. Application Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#application-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
Application objects have the following methods, among others:
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Application.makeusermenus">
Application.makeusermenus()<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Application.makeusermenus" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Override this method if you need menus in your application. Append the menus to
the attribute <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">menubar</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Application.getabouttext">
Application.getabouttext()<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Application.getabouttext" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Override this method to return a text string describing your application.
Alternatively, override the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">do_about()</code> method for more elaborate “about”
messages.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Application.mainloop">
Application.mainloop([mask[, wait]])<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Application.mainloop" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>This routine is the main event loop, call it to set your application rolling.
Mask is the mask of events you want to handle, wait is the number of ticks
you want to leave to other concurrent application (default 0, which is probably
not a good idea). While raising self to exit the mainloop is still supported
it is not recommended: call <code class="docutils literal notranslate">self._quit()</code> instead.
The event loop is split into many small parts, each of which can be overridden.
The default methods take care of dispatching events to windows and dialogs,
handling drags and resizes, Apple Events, events for non-FrameWork windows, etc.
In general, all event handlers should return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">1</code> if the event is fully handled
and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code> otherwise (because the front window was not a FrameWork window, for
instance). This is needed so that update events and such can be passed on to
other windows like the Sioux console window. Calling <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">MacOS.HandleEvent()</code>
is not allowed within our_dispatch or its callees, since this may result in an
infinite loop if the code is called through the Python inner-loop event handler.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Application.asyncevents">
Application.asyncevents(onoff)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Application.asyncevents" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Call this method with a nonzero parameter to enable asynchronous event handling.
This will tell the inner interpreter loop to call the application event handler
async_dispatch whenever events are available. This will cause FrameWork window
updates and the user interface to remain working during long computations, but
will slow the interpreter down and may cause surprising results in non-reentrant
code (such as FrameWork itself). By default async_dispatch will immediately
call our_dispatch but you may override this to handle only certain events
asynchronously. Events you do not handle will be passed to Sioux and such.
The old on/off value is returned.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Application._quit">
Application._quit()<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Application._quit" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Terminate the running <a class="reference internal" href="#FrameWork.Application.mainloop" title="FrameWork.Application.mainloop"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">mainloop()</code></a> call at the next convenient moment.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Application.do_char">
Application.do_char(c, event)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Application.do_char" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The user typed character c. The complete details of the event can be found in
the event structure. This method can also be provided in a <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Window</code> object,
which overrides the application-wide handler if the window is frontmost.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Application.do_dialogevent">
Application.do_dialogevent(event)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Application.do_dialogevent" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Called early in the event loop to handle modeless dialog events. The default
method simply dispatches the event to the relevant dialog (not through the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">DialogWindow</code> object involved). Override if you need special handling of
dialog events (keyboard shortcuts, etc).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Application.idle">
Application.idle(event)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Application.idle" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Called by the main event loop when no events are available. The null-event is
passed (so you can look at mouse position, etc).
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="window-objects">
<h2>37.6.2. Window Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#window-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
Window objects have the following methods, among others:
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Window.open">
Window.open()<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Window.open" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Override this method to open a window. Store the Mac OS window-id in
<code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">self.wid</code> and call the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">do_postopen()</code> method to register the window
with the parent application.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Window.close">
Window.close()<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Window.close" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Override this method to do any special processing on window close. Call the
<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">do_postclose()</code> method to cleanup the parent state.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Window.do_postresize">
Window.do_postresize(width, height, macoswindowid)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Window.do_postresize" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Called after the window is resized. Override if more needs to be done than
calling <code class="docutils literal notranslate">InvalRect</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Window.do_contentclick">
Window.do_contentclick(local, modifiers, event)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Window.do_contentclick" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The user clicked in the content part of a window. The arguments are the
coordinates (window-relative), the key modifiers and the raw event.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Window.do_update">
Window.do_update(macoswindowid, event)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Window.do_update" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>An update event for the window was received. Redraw the window.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.Window.do_activate">
Window.do_activate(activate, event)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.Window.do_activate" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The window was activated (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">activate == 1</code>) or deactivated (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">activate == 0</code>).
Handle things like focus highlighting, etc.
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="controlswindow-object">
<h2>37.6.3. ControlsWindow Object<a class="headerlink" href="#controlswindow-object" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
ControlsWindow objects have the following methods besides those of <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Window</code>
objects:
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.ControlsWindow.do_controlhit">
ControlsWindow.do_controlhit(window, control, pcode, event)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.ControlsWindow.do_controlhit" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Part pcode of control control was hit by the user. Tracking and such has
already been taken care of.
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="scrolledwindow-object">
<h2>37.6.4. ScrolledWindow Object<a class="headerlink" href="#scrolledwindow-object" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
ScrolledWindow objects are ControlsWindow objects with the following extra
methods:
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.scrollbars">
ScrolledWindow.scrollbars([wantx[, wanty]])<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.scrollbars" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Create (or destroy) horizontal and vertical scrollbars. The arguments specify
which you want (default: both). The scrollbars always have minimum <code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code> and
maximum <code class="docutils literal notranslate">32767</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.getscrollbarvalues">
ScrolledWindow.getscrollbarvalues()<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.getscrollbarvalues" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>You must supply this method. It should return a tuple <code class="docutils literal notranslate">(x, y)</code> giving the
current position of the scrollbars (between <code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">32767</code>). You can return
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code> for either to indicate the whole document is visible in that direction.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.updatescrollbars">
ScrolledWindow.updatescrollbars()<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.updatescrollbars" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Call this method when the document has changed. It will call
<a class="reference internal" href="#FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.getscrollbarvalues" title="FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.getscrollbarvalues"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">getscrollbarvalues()</code></a> and update the scrollbars.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.scrollbar_callback">
ScrolledWindow.scrollbar_callback(which, what, value)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.scrollbar_callback" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Supplied by you and called after user interaction. which will be <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'x'</code> or
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">'y'</code>, what will be <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'-'</code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'--'</code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'set'</code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'++'</code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'+'</code>. For
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">'set'</code>, value will contain the new scrollbar position.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.scalebarvalues">
ScrolledWindow.scalebarvalues(absmin, absmax, curmin, curmax)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.scalebarvalues" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Auxiliary method to help you calculate values to return from
<a class="reference internal" href="#FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.getscrollbarvalues" title="FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.getscrollbarvalues"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">getscrollbarvalues()</code></a>. You pass document minimum and maximum value and
topmost (leftmost) and bottommost (rightmost) visible values and it returns the
correct number or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.do_activate">
ScrolledWindow.do_activate(onoff, event)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.do_activate" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Takes care of dimming/highlighting scrollbars when a window becomes frontmost.
If you override this method, call this one at the end of your method.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.do_postresize">
ScrolledWindow.do_postresize(width, height, window)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.do_postresize" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Moves scrollbars to the correct position. Call this method initially if you
override it.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.do_controlhit">
ScrolledWindow.do_controlhit(window, control, pcode, event)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.ScrolledWindow.do_controlhit" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Handles scrollbar interaction. If you override it call this method first, a
nonzero return value indicates the hit was in the scrollbars and has been
handled.
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="dialogwindow-objects">
<h2>37.6.5. DialogWindow Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#dialogwindow-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
DialogWindow objects have the following methods besides those of <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Window</code>
objects:
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.DialogWindow.open">
DialogWindow.open(resid)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.DialogWindow.open" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Create the dialog window, from the DLOG resource with id resid. The dialog
object is stored in <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">self.wid</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="FrameWork.DialogWindow.do_itemhit">
DialogWindow.do_itemhit(item, event)<a class="headerlink" href="#FrameWork.DialogWindow.do_itemhit" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Item number item was hit. You are responsible for redrawing toggle buttons,
etc.
</dd></dl>

</section>
</section>

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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">37.6. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">FrameWork</code> — Interactive application framework</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#application-objects">37.6.1. Application Objects</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#window-objects">37.6.2. Window Objects</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#controlswindow-object">37.6.3. ControlsWindow Object</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scrolledwindow-object">37.6.4. ScrolledWindow Object</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dialogwindow-objects">37.6.5. DialogWindow Objects</a></li>
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