Linux cpanel.rrshost.in 5.15.0-25-generic #25-Ubuntu SMP Wed Mar 30 15:54:22 UTC 2022 x86_64
Apache
: 109.123.238.221 | : 172.69.130.94
128 Domain
8.2.28
aev999
Terminal
AUTO ROOT
Adminer
Backdoor Destroyer
Linux Exploit
Lock Shell
Lock File
Create User
CREATE RDP
PHP Mailer
BACKCONNECT
HASH IDENTIFIER
README
+ Create Folder
+ Create File
/
usr /
share /
doc /
python2.7 /
html /
library /
[ HOME SHELL ]
Name
Size
Permission
Action
2to3.html
63.71
KB
-rw-r--r--
__builtin__.html
11.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
__future__.html
15.58
KB
-rw-r--r--
__main__.html
8.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
_winreg.html
73.99
KB
-rw-r--r--
abc.html
26.82
KB
-rw-r--r--
aepack.html
15.47
KB
-rw-r--r--
aetools.html
18.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
aetypes.html
27.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
aifc.html
29.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
al.html
22.13
KB
-rw-r--r--
allos.html
35.48
KB
-rw-r--r--
anydbm.html
19.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
archiving.html
10.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
argparse.html
269.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
array.html
35.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
ast.html
42.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
asynchat.html
35.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
asyncore.html
43.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
atexit.html
19.23
KB
-rw-r--r--
audioop.html
41.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
autogil.html
9.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
base64.html
24.8
KB
-rw-r--r--
basehttpserver.html
40.6
KB
-rw-r--r--
bastion.html
13.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
bdb.html
50.06
KB
-rw-r--r--
binascii.html
26.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
binhex.html
12.66
KB
-rw-r--r--
bisect.html
28.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
bsddb.html
32.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
bz2.html
31.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
calendar.html
50.16
KB
-rw-r--r--
carbon.html
54.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
cd.html
35.24
KB
-rw-r--r--
cgi.html
58.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
cgihttpserver.html
15.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
cgitb.html
13.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
chunk.html
17.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
cmath.html
32.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
cmd.html
32.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
code.html
28.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
codecs.html
125.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
codeop.html
16.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
collections.html
150.36
KB
-rw-r--r--
colorpicker.html
9.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
colorsys.html
14.38
KB
-rw-r--r--
commands.html
16.63
KB
-rw-r--r--
compileall.html
21.18
KB
-rw-r--r--
compiler.html
78.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
configparser.html
73.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
constants.html
14.68
KB
-rw-r--r--
contextlib.html
22.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
cookie.html
45.38
KB
-rw-r--r--
cookielib.html
102.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
copy.html
14.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
copy_reg.html
15.82
KB
-rw-r--r--
crypt.html
11.62
KB
-rw-r--r--
crypto.html
8.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
csv.html
82.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
ctypes.html
280.57
KB
-rw-r--r--
curses.ascii.html
28.97
KB
-rw-r--r--
curses.html
200.94
KB
-rw-r--r--
curses.panel.html
18.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
custominterp.html
8.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
datatypes.html
18.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
datetime.html
261.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
dbhash.html
18.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
dbm.html
14.75
KB
-rw-r--r--
debug.html
11.28
KB
-rw-r--r--
decimal.html
239.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
development.html
15.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
difflib.html
96.93
KB
-rw-r--r--
dircache.html
13.66
KB
-rw-r--r--
dis.html
96.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
distribution.html
8.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
distutils.html
10.97
KB
-rw-r--r--
dl.html
19.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
doctest.html
193.18
KB
-rw-r--r--
docxmlrpcserver.html
20.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
dumbdbm.html
16.74
KB
-rw-r--r--
dummy_thread.html
11.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
dummy_threading.html
9.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
easydialogs.html
38.83
KB
-rw-r--r--
email-examples.html
47.2
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.charset.html
32.45
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.encoders.html
14.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.errors.html
19.2
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.generator.html
24.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.header.html
31.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.html
55.3
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.iterators.html
14.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.message.html
74.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.mime.html
34.51
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.parser.html
37.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.utils.html
30.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
ensurepip.html
20.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
errno.html
52.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
exceptions.html
73.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
fcntl.html
27.85
KB
-rw-r--r--
filecmp.html
26.49
KB
-rw-r--r--
fileformats.html
10.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
fileinput.html
29.36
KB
-rw-r--r--
filesys.html
11.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
fl.html
71.58
KB
-rw-r--r--
fm.html
15
KB
-rw-r--r--
fnmatch.html
17.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
formatter.html
43.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
fpectl.html
17.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
fpformat.html
12.65
KB
-rw-r--r--
fractions.html
27.17
KB
-rw-r--r--
framework.html
44.24
KB
-rw-r--r--
frameworks.html
8.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
ftplib.html
56.56
KB
-rw-r--r--
functions.html
216.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
functools.html
31.06
KB
-rw-r--r--
future_builtins.html
15.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
gc.html
30.74
KB
-rw-r--r--
gdbm.html
19.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
gensuitemodule.html
14.54
KB
-rw-r--r--
getopt.html
26.56
KB
-rw-r--r--
getpass.html
12.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
gettext.html
91.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
gl.html
26.71
KB
-rw-r--r--
glob.html
15.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
grp.html
12.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
gzip.html
21.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
hashlib.html
27.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
heapq.html
36.72
KB
-rw-r--r--
hmac.html
15.97
KB
-rw-r--r--
hotshot.html
22.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
htmllib.html
29.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
htmlparser.html
45.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
httplib.html
78.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
i18n.html
10.61
KB
-rw-r--r--
ic.html
22.03
KB
-rw-r--r--
idle.html
45.74
KB
-rw-r--r--
imageop.html
20.94
KB
-rw-r--r--
imaplib.html
69.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
imgfile.html
14.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
imghdr.html
13.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
imp.html
41.48
KB
-rw-r--r--
importlib.html
10.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
imputil.html
36.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
index.html
82.54
KB
-rw-r--r--
inspect.html
64.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
internet.html
26.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
intro.html
9.76
KB
-rw-r--r--
io.html
122.3
KB
-rw-r--r--
ipc.html
17.18
KB
-rw-r--r--
itertools.html
129.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
jpeg.html
15.36
KB
-rw-r--r--
json.html
79.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
keyword.html
9.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
language.html
12.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
linecache.html
12.7
KB
-rw-r--r--
locale.html
68.54
KB
-rw-r--r--
logging.config.html
82.23
KB
-rw-r--r--
logging.handlers.html
91.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
logging.html
123.15
KB
-rw-r--r--
mac.html
24.49
KB
-rw-r--r--
macos.html
18.51
KB
-rw-r--r--
macosa.html
14.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
macostools.html
19.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
macpath.html
9.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
mailbox.html
185.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
mailcap.html
15.3
KB
-rw-r--r--
markup.html
20.37
KB
-rw-r--r--
marshal.html
19.88
KB
-rw-r--r--
math.html
50.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
md5.html
16.65
KB
-rw-r--r--
mhlib.html
30.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
mimetools.html
23.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
mimetypes.html
35.82
KB
-rw-r--r--
mimewriter.html
18.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
mimify.html
16.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
miniaeframe.html
14.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
misc.html
7.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
mm.html
10.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
mmap.html
33.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
modulefinder.html
19.85
KB
-rw-r--r--
modules.html
9.68
KB
-rw-r--r--
msilib.html
72.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
msvcrt.html
24.1
KB
-rw-r--r--
multifile.html
28.82
KB
-rw-r--r--
multiprocessing.html
423.97
KB
-rw-r--r--
mutex.html
13.56
KB
-rw-r--r--
netdata.html
19.28
KB
-rw-r--r--
netrc.html
15.51
KB
-rw-r--r--
new.html
16.1
KB
-rw-r--r--
nis.html
13.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
nntplib.html
51.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
numbers.html
40.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
numeric.html
14.85
KB
-rw-r--r--
operator.html
118.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
optparse.html
251.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
os.html
270.49
KB
-rw-r--r--
os.path.html
48.87
KB
-rw-r--r--
ossaudiodev.html
49.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
othergui.html
9.98
KB
-rw-r--r--
parser.html
44.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
pdb.html
41.44
KB
-rw-r--r--
persistence.html
16.25
KB
-rw-r--r--
pickle.html
107.94
KB
-rw-r--r--
pickletools.html
13.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
pipes.html
21.85
KB
-rw-r--r--
pkgutil.html
30.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
platform.html
40.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
plistlib.html
20.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
popen2.html
30.13
KB
-rw-r--r--
poplib.html
27.93
KB
-rw-r--r--
posix.html
17.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
posixfile.html
23.68
KB
-rw-r--r--
pprint.html
36.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
profile.html
76.65
KB
-rw-r--r--
pty.html
11.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
pwd.html
13.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
py_compile.html
13.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
pyclbr.html
18.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
pydoc.html
14.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
pyexpat.html
93.28
KB
-rw-r--r--
python.html
13.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
queue.html
29.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
quopri.html
14.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
random.html
47.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
re.html
163.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
readline.html
41.2
KB
-rw-r--r--
repr.html
24.57
KB
-rw-r--r--
resource.html
30.86
KB
-rw-r--r--
restricted.html
12.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
rexec.html
43.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
rfc822.html
51.25
KB
-rw-r--r--
rlcompleter.html
15.29
KB
-rw-r--r--
robotparser.html
15.01
KB
-rw-r--r--
runpy.html
23.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
sched.html
21.76
KB
-rw-r--r--
scrolledtext.html
10.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
select.html
50.17
KB
-rw-r--r--
sets.html
39.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
sgi.html
11.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
sgmllib.html
38.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
sha.html
14.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
shelve.html
32.93
KB
-rw-r--r--
shlex.html
38.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
shutil.html
49.49
KB
-rw-r--r--
signal.html
36.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
simplehttpserver.html
21.57
KB
-rw-r--r--
simplexmlrpcserver.html
40.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
site.html
29
KB
-rw-r--r--
smtpd.html
15.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
smtplib.html
51.86
KB
-rw-r--r--
sndhdr.html
12.05
KB
-rw-r--r--
socket.html
126.94
KB
-rw-r--r--
socketserver.html
81.38
KB
-rw-r--r--
someos.html
17.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
spwd.html
12.25
KB
-rw-r--r--
sqlite3.html
154.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
ssl.html
214.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
stat.html
41.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
statvfs.html
13.24
KB
-rw-r--r--
stdtypes.html
309.83
KB
-rw-r--r--
string.html
129.58
KB
-rw-r--r--
stringio.html
21.1
KB
-rw-r--r--
stringprep.html
21.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
strings.html
16.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
struct.html
47.68
KB
-rw-r--r--
subprocess.html
117
KB
-rw-r--r--
sun.html
7.83
KB
-rw-r--r--
sunau.html
35.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
sunaudio.html
21.05
KB
-rw-r--r--
symbol.html
9.06
KB
-rw-r--r--
symtable.html
29.03
KB
-rw-r--r--
sys.html
118.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
sysconfig.html
28.8
KB
-rw-r--r--
syslog.html
21.29
KB
-rw-r--r--
tabnanny.html
12.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
tarfile.html
99.54
KB
-rw-r--r--
telnetlib.html
30.46
KB
-rw-r--r--
tempfile.html
35.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
termios.html
19.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
test.html
61.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
textwrap.html
32.28
KB
-rw-r--r--
thread.html
22.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
threading.html
92.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
time.html
65.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
timeit.html
44.38
KB
-rw-r--r--
tix.html
56.73
KB
-rw-r--r--
tk.html
26.76
KB
-rw-r--r--
tkinter.html
86.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
token.html
27.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
tokenize.html
21.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
trace.html
33.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
traceback.html
44.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
ttk.html
123.83
KB
-rw-r--r--
tty.html
10.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
turtle.html
246.17
KB
-rw-r--r--
types.html
33.66
KB
-rw-r--r--
undoc.html
25.54
KB
-rw-r--r--
unicodedata.html
22.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
unittest.html
246.75
KB
-rw-r--r--
unix.html
11.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
urllib.html
71.61
KB
-rw-r--r--
urllib2.html
128.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
urlparse.html
49.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
user.html
13.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
userdict.html
32.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
uu.html
13.25
KB
-rw-r--r--
uuid.html
33.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
warnings.html
51.86
KB
-rw-r--r--
wave.html
29.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
weakref.html
41.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
webbrowser.html
29.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
whichdb.html
10.44
KB
-rw-r--r--
windows.html
10.37
KB
-rw-r--r--
winsound.html
22.56
KB
-rw-r--r--
wsgiref.html
94.38
KB
-rw-r--r--
xdrlib.html
38.05
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.dom.html
110.39
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.dom.minidom.html
45.23
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.dom.pulldom.html
16.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.etree.elementtree.html
124.2
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.html
18.76
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.sax.handler.html
47.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.sax.html
26.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.sax.reader.html
51.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.sax.utils.html
18.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
xmlrpclib.html
71.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
zipfile.html
67.26
KB
-rw-r--r--
zipimport.html
24.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
zlib.html
34.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
Delete
Unzip
Zip
${this.title}
Close
Code Editor : getopt.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.17.1: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" /> <title>15.6. getopt — C-style parser for command line options — Python 2.7.18 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_static/pygments.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_static/classic.css" /> <script data-url_root="../" id="documentation_options" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script> <script src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Search within Python 2.7.18 documentation" href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/> <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" /> <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" /> <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" /> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" /> <link rel="next" title="15.7. logging — Logging facility for Python" href="logging.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="15.5. optparse — Parser for command line options" href="optparse.html" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" /> <link rel="canonical" href="file:///usr/share/doc/python2.7/html/library/getopt.html" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script> </head><body> <div id="outdated-warning" style="padding: .5em; text-align: center; background-color: #FFBABA; color: #6A0E0E;"> This document is for an old version of Python that is <a href="https://devguide.python.org/devcycle/#end-of-life-branches">no longer supported</a>. You should install the python3 and python3-doc packages and read the <a href="file:///usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/getopt.html"> Python documentation for the Python3 version packaged in this release</a>. </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="logging.html" title="15.7. logging — Logging facility for Python" accesskey="N">next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="optparse.html" title="15.5. optparse — Parser for command line options" accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.18 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="allos.html" accesskey="U"><span class="section-number">15. </span>Generic Operating System Services</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href=""><span class="section-number">15.6. </span><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt</span></code> — C-style parser for command line options</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <section id="module-getopt"> <span id="getopt-c-style-parser-for-command-line-options"></span><h1><span class="section-number">15.6. </span><a class="reference internal" href="#module-getopt" title="getopt: Portable parser for command line options; support both short and long option names."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt</span></code></a> — C-style parser for command line options<a class="headerlink" href="#module-getopt" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/2.7/Lib/getopt.py">Lib/getopt.py</a></p> <hr class="docutils" /> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="admonition-title">Note</p> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-getopt" title="getopt: Portable parser for command line options; support both short and long option names."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt</span></code></a> module is a parser for command line options whose API is designed to be familiar to users of the C <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt()</span></code> function. Users who are unfamiliar with the C <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt()</span></code> function or who would like to write less code and get better help and error messages should consider using the <a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#module-argparse" title="argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code></a> module instead.</p> </div> <p>This module helps scripts to parse the command line arguments in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv</span></code>. It supports the same conventions as the Unix <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt()</span></code> function (including the special meanings of arguments of the form ‘<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-</span></code>’ and ‘<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--</span></code>‘). Long options similar to those supported by GNU software may be used as well via an optional third argument.</p> <p>This module provides two functions and an exception:</p> <dl class="py function"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="getopt.getopt"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">getopt.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getopt</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">args</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">options</span></span></em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">long_options</span></span></em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#getopt.getopt" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Parses command line options and parameter list. <em>args</em> is the argument list to be parsed, without the leading reference to the running program. Typically, this means <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv[1:]</span></code>. <em>options</em> is the string of option letters that the script wants to recognize, with options that require an argument followed by a colon (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">':'</span></code>; i.e., the same format that Unix <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt()</span></code> uses).</p> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="admonition-title">Note</p> <p>Unlike GNU <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt()</span></code>, after a non-option argument, all further arguments are considered also non-options. This is similar to the way non-GNU Unix systems work.</p> </div> <p><em>long_options</em>, if specified, must be a list of strings with the names of the long options which should be supported. The leading <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'--'</span></code> characters should not be included in the option name. Long options which require an argument should be followed by an equal sign (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'='</span></code>). Optional arguments are not supported. To accept only long options, <em>options</em> should be an empty string. Long options on the command line can be recognized so long as they provide a prefix of the option name that matches exactly one of the accepted options. For example, if <em>long_options</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">['foo',</span> <span class="pre">'frob']</span></code>, the option <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--fo</span></code> will match as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--foo</span></code>, but <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--f</span></code> will not match uniquely, so <a class="reference internal" href="#getopt.GetoptError" title="getopt.GetoptError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GetoptError</span></code></a> will be raised.</p> <p>The return value consists of two elements: the first is a list of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(option,</span> <span class="pre">value)</span></code> pairs; the second is the list of program arguments left after the option list was stripped (this is a trailing slice of <em>args</em>). Each option-and-value pair returned has the option as its first element, prefixed with a hyphen for short options (e.g., <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'-x'</span></code>) or two hyphens for long options (e.g., <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'--long-option'</span></code>), and the option argument as its second element, or an empty string if the option has no argument. The options occur in the list in the same order in which they were found, thus allowing multiple occurrences. Long and short options may be mixed.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py function"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="getopt.gnu_getopt"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">getopt.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">gnu_getopt</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">args</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">options</span></span></em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">long_options</span></span></em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#getopt.gnu_getopt" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This function works like <a class="reference internal" href="#module-getopt" title="getopt: Portable parser for command line options; support both short and long option names."><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt()</span></code></a>, except that GNU style scanning mode is used by default. This means that option and non-option arguments may be intermixed. The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-getopt" title="getopt: Portable parser for command line options; support both short and long option names."><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt()</span></code></a> function stops processing options as soon as a non-option argument is encountered.</p> <p>If the first character of the option string is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'+'</span></code>, or if the environment variable <span class="target" id="index-0"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">POSIXLY_CORRECT</span></code> is set, then option processing stops as soon as a non-option argument is encountered.</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 2.3.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="py exception"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="getopt.GetoptError"> <em class="property"><span class="pre">exception</span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">getopt.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">GetoptError</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#getopt.GetoptError" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This is raised when an unrecognized option is found in the argument list or when an option requiring an argument is given none. The argument to the exception is a string indicating the cause of the error. For long options, an argument given to an option which does not require one will also cause this exception to be raised. The attributes <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">msg</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">opt</span></code> give the error message and related option; if there is no specific option to which the exception relates, <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">opt</span></code> is an empty string.</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 1.6: </span>Introduced <a class="reference internal" href="#getopt.GetoptError" title="getopt.GetoptError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GetoptError</span></code></a> as a synonym for <a class="reference internal" href="#getopt.error" title="getopt.error"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">error</span></code></a>.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="py exception"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="getopt.error"> <em class="property"><span class="pre">exception</span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">getopt.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">error</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#getopt.error" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Alias for <a class="reference internal" href="#getopt.GetoptError" title="getopt.GetoptError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GetoptError</span></code></a>; for backward compatibility.</p> </dd></dl> <p>An example using only Unix style options:</p> <div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">getopt</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">args</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'-a -b -cfoo -d bar a1 a2'</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">args</span> <span class="go">['-a', '-b', '-cfoo', '-d', 'bar', 'a1', 'a2']</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">optlist</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">args</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">getopt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'abc:d:'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">optlist</span> <span class="go">[('-a', ''), ('-b', ''), ('-c', 'foo'), ('-d', 'bar')]</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">args</span> <span class="go">['a1', 'a2']</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Using long option names is equally easy:</p> <div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'--condition=foo --testing --output-file abc.def -x a1 a2'</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">args</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">args</span> <span class="go">['--condition=foo', '--testing', '--output-file', 'abc.def', '-x', 'a1', 'a2']</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">optlist</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">args</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">getopt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'x'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s1">'condition='</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'output-file='</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'testing'</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">optlist</span> <span class="go">[('--condition', 'foo'), ('--testing', ''), ('--output-file', 'abc.def'), ('-x', '')]</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">args</span> <span class="go">['a1', 'a2']</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>In a script, typical usage is something like this:</p> <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">getopt</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nn">sys</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">():</span> <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">opts</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">args</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">getopt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:],</span> <span class="s2">"ho:v"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"help"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"output="</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">getopt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GetoptError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">err</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1"># print help information and exit:</span> <span class="nb">print</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">err</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># will print something like "option -a not recognized"</span> <span class="n">usage</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="n">verbose</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">o</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">opts</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">o</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"-v"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">verbose</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span> <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">o</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"-h"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"--help"</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="n">usage</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">o</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"-o"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"--output"</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="n">output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"unhandled option"</span> <span class="c1"># ...</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"__main__"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">main</span><span class="p">()</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Note that an equivalent command line interface could be produced with less code and more informative help and error messages by using the <a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#module-argparse" title="argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code></a> module:</p> <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">argparse</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'__main__'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">parser</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">argparse</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ArgumentParser</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="n">parser</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_argument</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'-o'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'--output'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">parser</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_argument</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'-v'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dest</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'verbose'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">action</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'store_true'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">args</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">parser</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parse_args</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1"># ... do something with args.output ...</span> <span class="c1"># ... do something with args.verbose ..</span> </pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition seealso"> <p class="admonition-title">See also</p> <dl class="simple"> <dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#module-argparse" title="argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code></a></dt><dd><p>Alternative command line option and argument parsing library.</p> </dd> </dl> </div> </section> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="optparse.html" title="previous chapter"><span class="section-number">15.5. </span><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code> — Parser for command line options</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="logging.html" title="next chapter"><span class="section-number">15.7. </span><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">logging</span></code> — Logging facility for Python</a></p> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../_sources/library/getopt.rst.txt" rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search"> <h3 id="searchlabel">Quick search</h3> <div class="searchformwrapper"> <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" aria-labelledby="searchlabel" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false"/> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> </form> </div> </div> <script>$('#searchbox').show(0);</script> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="logging.html" title="15.7. logging — Logging facility for Python" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="optparse.html" title="15.5. optparse — Parser for command line options" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.18 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="allos.html" ><span class="section-number">15. </span>Generic Operating System Services</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href=""><span class="section-number">15.6. </span><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt</span></code> — C-style parser for command line options</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer"> © <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 1990-2024, Python Software Foundation. <br /> The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation. <a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a> <br /> Last updated on December 09, 2024. <a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>? <br /> Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 4.3.2. </div> </body> </html>
Close