Linux cpanel.rrshost.in 5.15.0-25-generic #25-Ubuntu SMP Wed Mar 30 15:54:22 UTC 2022 x86_64
Apache
: 109.123.238.221 | : 172.69.17.14
128 Domain
8.2.28
aev999
Terminal
AUTO ROOT
Adminer
Backdoor Destroyer
Linux Exploit
Lock Shell
Lock File
Create User
CREATE RDP
PHP Mailer
BACKCONNECT
HASH IDENTIFIER
README
+ Create Folder
+ Create File
/
usr /
share /
doc /
python2.7 /
html /
library /
[ HOME SHELL ]
Name
Size
Permission
Action
2to3.html
63.71
KB
-rw-r--r--
__builtin__.html
11.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
__future__.html
15.58
KB
-rw-r--r--
__main__.html
8.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
_winreg.html
73.99
KB
-rw-r--r--
abc.html
26.82
KB
-rw-r--r--
aepack.html
15.47
KB
-rw-r--r--
aetools.html
18.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
aetypes.html
27.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
aifc.html
29.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
al.html
22.13
KB
-rw-r--r--
allos.html
35.48
KB
-rw-r--r--
anydbm.html
19.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
archiving.html
10.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
argparse.html
269.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
array.html
35.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
ast.html
42.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
asynchat.html
35.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
asyncore.html
43.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
atexit.html
19.23
KB
-rw-r--r--
audioop.html
41.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
autogil.html
9.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
base64.html
24.8
KB
-rw-r--r--
basehttpserver.html
40.6
KB
-rw-r--r--
bastion.html
13.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
bdb.html
50.06
KB
-rw-r--r--
binascii.html
26.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
binhex.html
12.66
KB
-rw-r--r--
bisect.html
28.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
bsddb.html
32.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
bz2.html
31.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
calendar.html
50.16
KB
-rw-r--r--
carbon.html
54.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
cd.html
35.24
KB
-rw-r--r--
cgi.html
58.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
cgihttpserver.html
15.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
cgitb.html
13.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
chunk.html
17.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
cmath.html
32.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
cmd.html
32.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
code.html
28.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
codecs.html
125.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
codeop.html
16.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
collections.html
150.36
KB
-rw-r--r--
colorpicker.html
9.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
colorsys.html
14.38
KB
-rw-r--r--
commands.html
16.63
KB
-rw-r--r--
compileall.html
21.18
KB
-rw-r--r--
compiler.html
78.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
configparser.html
73.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
constants.html
14.68
KB
-rw-r--r--
contextlib.html
22.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
cookie.html
45.38
KB
-rw-r--r--
cookielib.html
102.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
copy.html
14.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
copy_reg.html
15.82
KB
-rw-r--r--
crypt.html
11.62
KB
-rw-r--r--
crypto.html
8.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
csv.html
82.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
ctypes.html
280.57
KB
-rw-r--r--
curses.ascii.html
28.97
KB
-rw-r--r--
curses.html
200.94
KB
-rw-r--r--
curses.panel.html
18.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
custominterp.html
8.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
datatypes.html
18.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
datetime.html
261.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
dbhash.html
18.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
dbm.html
14.75
KB
-rw-r--r--
debug.html
11.28
KB
-rw-r--r--
decimal.html
239.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
development.html
15.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
difflib.html
96.93
KB
-rw-r--r--
dircache.html
13.66
KB
-rw-r--r--
dis.html
96.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
distribution.html
8.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
distutils.html
10.97
KB
-rw-r--r--
dl.html
19.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
doctest.html
193.18
KB
-rw-r--r--
docxmlrpcserver.html
20.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
dumbdbm.html
16.74
KB
-rw-r--r--
dummy_thread.html
11.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
dummy_threading.html
9.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
easydialogs.html
38.83
KB
-rw-r--r--
email-examples.html
47.2
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.charset.html
32.45
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.encoders.html
14.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.errors.html
19.2
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.generator.html
24.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.header.html
31.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.html
55.3
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.iterators.html
14.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.message.html
74.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.mime.html
34.51
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.parser.html
37.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
email.utils.html
30.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
ensurepip.html
20.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
errno.html
52.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
exceptions.html
73.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
fcntl.html
27.85
KB
-rw-r--r--
filecmp.html
26.49
KB
-rw-r--r--
fileformats.html
10.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
fileinput.html
29.36
KB
-rw-r--r--
filesys.html
11.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
fl.html
71.58
KB
-rw-r--r--
fm.html
15
KB
-rw-r--r--
fnmatch.html
17.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
formatter.html
43.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
fpectl.html
17.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
fpformat.html
12.65
KB
-rw-r--r--
fractions.html
27.17
KB
-rw-r--r--
framework.html
44.24
KB
-rw-r--r--
frameworks.html
8.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
ftplib.html
56.56
KB
-rw-r--r--
functions.html
216.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
functools.html
31.06
KB
-rw-r--r--
future_builtins.html
15.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
gc.html
30.74
KB
-rw-r--r--
gdbm.html
19.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
gensuitemodule.html
14.54
KB
-rw-r--r--
getopt.html
26.56
KB
-rw-r--r--
getpass.html
12.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
gettext.html
91.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
gl.html
26.71
KB
-rw-r--r--
glob.html
15.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
grp.html
12.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
gzip.html
21.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
hashlib.html
27.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
heapq.html
36.72
KB
-rw-r--r--
hmac.html
15.97
KB
-rw-r--r--
hotshot.html
22.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
htmllib.html
29.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
htmlparser.html
45.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
httplib.html
78.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
i18n.html
10.61
KB
-rw-r--r--
ic.html
22.03
KB
-rw-r--r--
idle.html
45.74
KB
-rw-r--r--
imageop.html
20.94
KB
-rw-r--r--
imaplib.html
69.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
imgfile.html
14.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
imghdr.html
13.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
imp.html
41.48
KB
-rw-r--r--
importlib.html
10.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
imputil.html
36.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
index.html
82.54
KB
-rw-r--r--
inspect.html
64.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
internet.html
26.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
intro.html
9.76
KB
-rw-r--r--
io.html
122.3
KB
-rw-r--r--
ipc.html
17.18
KB
-rw-r--r--
itertools.html
129.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
jpeg.html
15.36
KB
-rw-r--r--
json.html
79.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
keyword.html
9.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
language.html
12.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
linecache.html
12.7
KB
-rw-r--r--
locale.html
68.54
KB
-rw-r--r--
logging.config.html
82.23
KB
-rw-r--r--
logging.handlers.html
91.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
logging.html
123.15
KB
-rw-r--r--
mac.html
24.49
KB
-rw-r--r--
macos.html
18.51
KB
-rw-r--r--
macosa.html
14.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
macostools.html
19.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
macpath.html
9.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
mailbox.html
185.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
mailcap.html
15.3
KB
-rw-r--r--
markup.html
20.37
KB
-rw-r--r--
marshal.html
19.88
KB
-rw-r--r--
math.html
50.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
md5.html
16.65
KB
-rw-r--r--
mhlib.html
30.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
mimetools.html
23.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
mimetypes.html
35.82
KB
-rw-r--r--
mimewriter.html
18.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
mimify.html
16.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
miniaeframe.html
14.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
misc.html
7.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
mm.html
10.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
mmap.html
33.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
modulefinder.html
19.85
KB
-rw-r--r--
modules.html
9.68
KB
-rw-r--r--
msilib.html
72.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
msvcrt.html
24.1
KB
-rw-r--r--
multifile.html
28.82
KB
-rw-r--r--
multiprocessing.html
423.97
KB
-rw-r--r--
mutex.html
13.56
KB
-rw-r--r--
netdata.html
19.28
KB
-rw-r--r--
netrc.html
15.51
KB
-rw-r--r--
new.html
16.1
KB
-rw-r--r--
nis.html
13.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
nntplib.html
51.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
numbers.html
40.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
numeric.html
14.85
KB
-rw-r--r--
operator.html
118.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
optparse.html
251.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
os.html
270.49
KB
-rw-r--r--
os.path.html
48.87
KB
-rw-r--r--
ossaudiodev.html
49.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
othergui.html
9.98
KB
-rw-r--r--
parser.html
44.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
pdb.html
41.44
KB
-rw-r--r--
persistence.html
16.25
KB
-rw-r--r--
pickle.html
107.94
KB
-rw-r--r--
pickletools.html
13.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
pipes.html
21.85
KB
-rw-r--r--
pkgutil.html
30.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
platform.html
40.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
plistlib.html
20.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
popen2.html
30.13
KB
-rw-r--r--
poplib.html
27.93
KB
-rw-r--r--
posix.html
17.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
posixfile.html
23.68
KB
-rw-r--r--
pprint.html
36.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
profile.html
76.65
KB
-rw-r--r--
pty.html
11.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
pwd.html
13.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
py_compile.html
13.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
pyclbr.html
18.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
pydoc.html
14.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
pyexpat.html
93.28
KB
-rw-r--r--
python.html
13.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
queue.html
29.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
quopri.html
14.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
random.html
47.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
re.html
163.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
readline.html
41.2
KB
-rw-r--r--
repr.html
24.57
KB
-rw-r--r--
resource.html
30.86
KB
-rw-r--r--
restricted.html
12.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
rexec.html
43.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
rfc822.html
51.25
KB
-rw-r--r--
rlcompleter.html
15.29
KB
-rw-r--r--
robotparser.html
15.01
KB
-rw-r--r--
runpy.html
23.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
sched.html
21.76
KB
-rw-r--r--
scrolledtext.html
10.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
select.html
50.17
KB
-rw-r--r--
sets.html
39.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
sgi.html
11.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
sgmllib.html
38.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
sha.html
14.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
shelve.html
32.93
KB
-rw-r--r--
shlex.html
38.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
shutil.html
49.49
KB
-rw-r--r--
signal.html
36.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
simplehttpserver.html
21.57
KB
-rw-r--r--
simplexmlrpcserver.html
40.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
site.html
29
KB
-rw-r--r--
smtpd.html
15.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
smtplib.html
51.86
KB
-rw-r--r--
sndhdr.html
12.05
KB
-rw-r--r--
socket.html
126.94
KB
-rw-r--r--
socketserver.html
81.38
KB
-rw-r--r--
someos.html
17.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
spwd.html
12.25
KB
-rw-r--r--
sqlite3.html
154.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
ssl.html
214.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
stat.html
41.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
statvfs.html
13.24
KB
-rw-r--r--
stdtypes.html
309.83
KB
-rw-r--r--
string.html
129.58
KB
-rw-r--r--
stringio.html
21.1
KB
-rw-r--r--
stringprep.html
21.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
strings.html
16.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
struct.html
47.68
KB
-rw-r--r--
subprocess.html
117
KB
-rw-r--r--
sun.html
7.83
KB
-rw-r--r--
sunau.html
35.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
sunaudio.html
21.05
KB
-rw-r--r--
symbol.html
9.06
KB
-rw-r--r--
symtable.html
29.03
KB
-rw-r--r--
sys.html
118.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
sysconfig.html
28.8
KB
-rw-r--r--
syslog.html
21.29
KB
-rw-r--r--
tabnanny.html
12.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
tarfile.html
99.54
KB
-rw-r--r--
telnetlib.html
30.46
KB
-rw-r--r--
tempfile.html
35.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
termios.html
19.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
test.html
61.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
textwrap.html
32.28
KB
-rw-r--r--
thread.html
22.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
threading.html
92.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
time.html
65.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
timeit.html
44.38
KB
-rw-r--r--
tix.html
56.73
KB
-rw-r--r--
tk.html
26.76
KB
-rw-r--r--
tkinter.html
86.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
token.html
27.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
tokenize.html
21.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
trace.html
33.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
traceback.html
44.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
ttk.html
123.83
KB
-rw-r--r--
tty.html
10.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
turtle.html
246.17
KB
-rw-r--r--
types.html
33.66
KB
-rw-r--r--
undoc.html
25.54
KB
-rw-r--r--
unicodedata.html
22.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
unittest.html
246.75
KB
-rw-r--r--
unix.html
11.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
urllib.html
71.61
KB
-rw-r--r--
urllib2.html
128.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
urlparse.html
49.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
user.html
13.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
userdict.html
32.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
uu.html
13.25
KB
-rw-r--r--
uuid.html
33.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
warnings.html
51.86
KB
-rw-r--r--
wave.html
29.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
weakref.html
41.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
webbrowser.html
29.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
whichdb.html
10.44
KB
-rw-r--r--
windows.html
10.37
KB
-rw-r--r--
winsound.html
22.56
KB
-rw-r--r--
wsgiref.html
94.38
KB
-rw-r--r--
xdrlib.html
38.05
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.dom.html
110.39
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.dom.minidom.html
45.23
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.dom.pulldom.html
16.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.etree.elementtree.html
124.2
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.html
18.76
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.sax.handler.html
47.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.sax.html
26.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.sax.reader.html
51.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
xml.sax.utils.html
18.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
xmlrpclib.html
71.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
zipfile.html
67.26
KB
-rw-r--r--
zipimport.html
24.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
zlib.html
34.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
Delete
Unzip
Zip
${this.title}
Close
Code Editor : runpy.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.17.1: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" /> <title>31.7. runpy — Locating and executing Python modules — Python 2.7.18 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_static/pygments.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_static/classic.css" /> <script data-url_root="../" id="documentation_options" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script> <script src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Search within Python 2.7.18 documentation" href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/> <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" /> <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" /> <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" /> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" /> <link rel="next" title="32. Python Language Services" href="language.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="31.6. modulefinder — Find modules used by a script" href="modulefinder.html" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" /> <link rel="canonical" href="file:///usr/share/doc/python2.7/html/library/runpy.html" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script> </head><body> <div id="outdated-warning" style="padding: .5em; text-align: center; background-color: #FFBABA; color: #6A0E0E;"> This document is for an old version of Python that is <a href="https://devguide.python.org/devcycle/#end-of-life-branches">no longer supported</a>. You should install the python3 and python3-doc packages and read the <a href="file:///usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/runpy.html"> Python documentation for the Python3 version packaged in this release</a>. </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="language.html" title="32. Python Language Services" accesskey="N">next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="modulefinder.html" title="31.6. modulefinder — Find modules used by a script" accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.18 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="modules.html" accesskey="U"><span class="section-number">31. </span>Importing Modules</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href=""><span class="section-number">31.7. </span><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runpy</span></code> — Locating and executing Python modules</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <section id="module-runpy"> <span id="runpy-locating-and-executing-python-modules"></span><h1><span class="section-number">31.7. </span><a class="reference internal" href="#module-runpy" title="runpy: Locate and run Python modules without importing them first."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runpy</span></code></a> — Locating and executing Python modules<a class="headerlink" href="#module-runpy" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 2.5.</span></p> </div> <p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/2.7/Lib/runpy.py">Lib/runpy.py</a></p> <hr class="docutils" /> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-runpy" title="runpy: Locate and run Python modules without importing them first."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runpy</span></code></a> module is used to locate and run Python modules without importing them first. Its main use is to implement the <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-m"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-m</span></code></a> command line switch that allows scripts to be located using the Python module namespace rather than the filesystem.</p> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-runpy" title="runpy: Locate and run Python modules without importing them first."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runpy</span></code></a> module provides two functions:</p> <dl class="py function"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="runpy.run_module"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">runpy.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">run_module</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">mod_name</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">init_globals</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">run_name</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">alter_sys</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">False</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#runpy.run_module" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p id="index-0">Execute the code of the specified module and return the resulting module globals dictionary. The module’s code is first located using the standard import mechanism (refer to <span class="target" id="index-1"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0302"><strong>PEP 302</strong></a> for details) and then executed in a fresh module namespace.</p> <p>If the supplied module name refers to a package rather than a normal module, then that package is imported and the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code> submodule within that package is then executed and the resulting module globals dictionary returned.</p> <p>The optional dictionary argument <em>init_globals</em> may be used to pre-populate the module’s globals dictionary before the code is executed. The supplied dictionary will not be modified. If any of the special global variables below are defined in the supplied dictionary, those definitions are overridden by <a class="reference internal" href="#runpy.run_module" title="runpy.run_module"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run_module()</span></code></a>.</p> <p>The special global variables <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__name__</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__file__</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__loader__</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__package__</span></code> are set in the globals dictionary before the module code is executed (Note that this is a minimal set of variables - other variables may be set implicitly as an interpreter implementation detail).</p> <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__name__</span></code> is set to <em>run_name</em> if this optional argument is not <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#None" title="None"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a>, to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mod_name</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">'.__main__'</span></code> if the named module is a package and to the <em>mod_name</em> argument otherwise.</p> <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__file__</span></code> is set to the name provided by the module loader. If the loader does not make filename information available, this variable is set to <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#None" title="None"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a>.</p> <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__loader__</span></code> is set to the <span class="target" id="index-2"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0302"><strong>PEP 302</strong></a> module loader used to retrieve the code for the module (This loader may be a wrapper around the standard import mechanism).</p> <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__package__</span></code> is set to <em>mod_name</em> if the named module is a package and to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mod_name.rpartition('.')[0]</span></code> otherwise.</p> <p>If the argument <em>alter_sys</em> is supplied and evaluates to <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#True" title="True"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code></a>, then <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv[0]</span></code> is updated with the value of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__file__</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.modules[__name__]</span></code> is updated with a temporary module object for the module being executed. Both <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv[0]</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.modules[__name__]</span></code> are restored to their original values before the function returns.</p> <p>Note that this manipulation of <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#module-sys" title="sys: Access system-specific parameters and functions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code></a> is not thread-safe. Other threads may see the partially initialised module, as well as the altered list of arguments. It is recommended that the <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#module-sys" title="sys: Access system-specific parameters and functions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code></a> module be left alone when invoking this function from threaded code.</p> <div class="admonition seealso"> <p class="admonition-title">See also</p> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-m"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-m</span></code></a> option offering equivalent functionality from the command line.</p> </div> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 2.7: </span>Added ability to execute packages by looking for a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code> submodule</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="py function"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="runpy.run_path"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">runpy.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">run_path</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">file_path</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">init_globals</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">run_name</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#runpy.run_path" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p id="index-3">Execute the code at the named filesystem location and return the resulting module globals dictionary. As with a script name supplied to the CPython command line, the supplied path may refer to a Python source file, a compiled bytecode file or a valid sys.path entry containing a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code> module (e.g. a zipfile containing a top-level <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__.py</span></code> file).</p> <p>For a simple script, the specified code is simply executed in a fresh module namespace. For a valid sys.path entry (typically a zipfile or directory), the entry is first added to the beginning of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code>. The function then looks for and executes a <a class="reference internal" href="__main__.html#module-__main__" title="__main__: The environment where the top-level script is run."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code></a> module using the updated path. Note that there is no special protection against invoking an existing <a class="reference internal" href="__main__.html#module-__main__" title="__main__: The environment where the top-level script is run."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code></a> entry located elsewhere on <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code> if there is no such module at the specified location.</p> <p>The optional dictionary argument <em>init_globals</em> may be used to pre-populate the module’s globals dictionary before the code is executed. The supplied dictionary will not be modified. If any of the special global variables below are defined in the supplied dictionary, those definitions are overridden by <a class="reference internal" href="#runpy.run_path" title="runpy.run_path"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run_path()</span></code></a>.</p> <p>The special global variables <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__name__</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__file__</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__loader__</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__package__</span></code> are set in the globals dictionary before the module code is executed (Note that this is a minimal set of variables - other variables may be set implicitly as an interpreter implementation detail).</p> <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__name__</span></code> is set to <em>run_name</em> if this optional argument is not <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#None" title="None"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a> and to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'<run_path>'</span></code> otherwise.</p> <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__file__</span></code> is set to the name provided by the module loader. If the loader does not make filename information available, this variable is set to <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#None" title="None"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a>. For a simple script, this will be set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">file_path</span></code>.</p> <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__loader__</span></code> is set to the <span class="target" id="index-4"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0302"><strong>PEP 302</strong></a> module loader used to retrieve the code for the module (This loader may be a wrapper around the standard import mechanism). For a simple script, this will be set to <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#None" title="None"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a>.</p> <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__package__</span></code> is set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__name__.rpartition('.')[0]</span></code>.</p> <p>A number of alterations are also made to the <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#module-sys" title="sys: Access system-specific parameters and functions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code></a> module. Firstly, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code> may be altered as described above. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv[0]</span></code> is updated with the value of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">file_path</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.modules[__name__]</span></code> is updated with a temporary module object for the module being executed. All modifications to items in <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#module-sys" title="sys: Access system-specific parameters and functions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code></a> are reverted before the function returns.</p> <p>Note that, unlike <a class="reference internal" href="#runpy.run_module" title="runpy.run_module"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run_module()</span></code></a>, the alterations made to <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#module-sys" title="sys: Access system-specific parameters and functions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code></a> are not optional in this function as these adjustments are essential to allowing the execution of sys.path entries. As the thread-safety limitations still apply, use of this function in threaded code should be either serialised with the import lock or delegated to a separate process.</p> <div class="admonition seealso"> <p class="admonition-title">See also</p> <p><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#using-on-interface-options"><span class="std std-ref">Interface options</span></a> for equivalent functionality on the command line (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">path/to/script</span></code>).</p> </div> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 2.7.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <div class="admonition seealso"> <p class="admonition-title">See also</p> <dl class="simple"> <dt><span class="target" id="index-5"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0338"><strong>PEP 338</strong></a> – Executing modules as scripts</dt><dd><p>PEP written and implemented by Nick Coghlan.</p> </dd> <dt><span class="target" id="index-6"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0366"><strong>PEP 366</strong></a> – Main module explicit relative imports</dt><dd><p>PEP written and implemented by Nick Coghlan.</p> </dd> </dl> <p><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#using-on-general"><span class="std std-ref">Command line and environment</span></a> - CPython command line details</p> </div> </section> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="modulefinder.html" title="previous chapter"><span class="section-number">31.6. </span><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">modulefinder</span></code> — Find modules used by a script</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="language.html" title="next chapter"><span class="section-number">32. </span>Python Language Services</a></p> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../_sources/library/runpy.rst.txt" rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search"> <h3 id="searchlabel">Quick search</h3> <div class="searchformwrapper"> <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" aria-labelledby="searchlabel" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false"/> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> </form> </div> </div> <script>$('#searchbox').show(0);</script> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="language.html" title="32. Python Language Services" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="modulefinder.html" title="31.6. modulefinder — Find modules used by a script" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.18 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="modules.html" ><span class="section-number">31. </span>Importing Modules</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href=""><span class="section-number">31.7. </span><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runpy</span></code> — Locating and executing Python modules</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer"> © <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 1990-2024, Python Software Foundation. <br /> The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation. <a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a> <br /> Last updated on December 09, 2024. <a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>? <br /> Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 4.3.2. </div> </body> </html>
Close