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 <section id="module-httplib">
<h1>20.7. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-httplib" title="httplib: HTTP and HTTPS protocol client (requires sockets)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">httplib</code></a> — HTTP protocol client<a class="headerlink" href="#module-httplib" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="admonition note">
Note
The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-httplib" title="httplib: HTTP and HTTPS protocol client (requires sockets)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">httplib</code></a> module has been renamed to <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">http.client</code> in Python
3. The <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-2to3">2to3</a> tool will automatically adapt imports when converting
your sources to Python 3.
</div>
Source code: <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/2.7/Lib/httplib.py">Lib/httplib.py</a>
<hr class="docutils" />
This module defines classes which implement the client side of the HTTP and
HTTPS protocols. It is normally not used directly — the module <a class="reference internal" href="urllib.html#module-urllib" title="urllib: Open an arbitrary network resource by URL (requires sockets)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">urllib</code></a>
uses it to handle URLs that use HTTP and HTTPS.
<div class="admonition seealso">
See also
The <a class="reference external" href="http://requests.readthedocs.org/">Requests package</a>
is recommended for a higher-level HTTP client interface.
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
Note
HTTPS support is only available if the <a class="reference internal" href="socket.html#module-socket" title="socket: Low-level networking interface."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">socket</code></a> module was compiled with
SSL support.
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
Note
The public interface for this module changed substantially in Python 2.0. The
<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">HTTP</code> class is retained only for backward compatibility with 1.5.2. It
should not be used in new code. Refer to the online docstrings for usage.
</div>
The module provides the following classes:
<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPConnection">
class httplib.HTTPConnection(host[, port[, strict[, timeout[, source_address]]]])<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>An <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection" title="httplib.HTTPConnection"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">HTTPConnection</code></a> instance represents one transaction with an HTTP
server. It should be instantiated passing it a host and optional port
number. If no port number is passed, the port is extracted from the host
string if it has the form <code class="docutils literal notranslate">host:port</code>, else the default HTTP port (80) is
used. When true, the optional parameter strict (which defaults to a false
value) causes <code class="docutils literal notranslate">BadStatusLine</code> to
be raised if the status line can’t be parsed as a valid HTTP/1.0 or 1.1
status line. If the optional timeout parameter is given, blocking
operations (like connection attempts) will timeout after that many seconds
(if it is not given, the global default timeout setting is used).
The optional source_address parameter may be a tuple of a (host, port)
to use as the source address the HTTP connection is made from.
For example, the following calls all create instances that connect to the server
at the same host and port:
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt;&gt;&gt; h1 = httplib.HTTPConnection(&#39;www.cwi.nl&#39;)
&gt;&gt;&gt; h2 = httplib.HTTPConnection(&#39;www.cwi.nl:80&#39;)
&gt;&gt;&gt; h3 = httplib.HTTPConnection(&#39;www.cwi.nl&#39;, 80)
&gt;&gt;&gt; h3 = httplib.HTTPConnection(&#39;www.cwi.nl&#39;, 80, timeout=10)
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 2.6: timeout was added.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 2.7: source_address was added.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPSConnection">
class httplib.HTTPSConnection(host[, port[, key_file[, cert_file[, strict[, timeout[, source_address[, context]]]]]]])<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPSConnection" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection" title="httplib.HTTPConnection"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">HTTPConnection</code></a> that uses SSL for communication with
secure servers. Default port is <code class="docutils literal notranslate">443</code>. If context is specified, it must
be a <a class="reference internal" href="ssl.html#ssl.SSLContext" title="ssl.SSLContext"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">ssl.SSLContext</code></a> instance describing the various SSL options.
key_file and cert_file are deprecated, please use
<a class="reference internal" href="ssl.html#ssl.SSLContext.load_cert_chain" title="ssl.SSLContext.load_cert_chain"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">ssl.SSLContext.load_cert_chain()</code></a> instead, or let
<a class="reference internal" href="ssl.html#ssl.create_default_context" title="ssl.create_default_context"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">ssl.create_default_context()</code></a> select the system’s trusted CA
certificates for you.
Please read <a class="reference internal" href="ssl.html#ssl-security">Security considerations</a> for more information on best practices.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 2.6: timeout was added.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 2.7: source_address was added.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 2.7.9: context was added.
This class now performs all the necessary certificate and hostname checks
by default. To revert to the previous, unverified, behavior
<code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">ssl._create_unverified_context()</code> can be passed to the context
parameter.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPResponse">
class httplib.HTTPResponse(sock, debuglevel=0, strict=0)<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPResponse" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Class whose instances are returned upon successful connection. Not instantiated
directly by user.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPMessage">
class httplib.HTTPMessage<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPMessage" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>An <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPMessage" title="httplib.HTTPMessage"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">HTTPMessage</code></a> instance is used to hold the headers from an HTTP
response. It is implemented using the <a class="reference internal" href="mimetools.html#mimetools.Message" title="mimetools.Message"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">mimetools.Message</code></a> class and
provides utility functions to deal with HTTP Headers. It is not directly
instantiated by the users.
</dd></dl>

The following exceptions are raised as appropriate:
<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPException">
exception httplib.HTTPException<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPException" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The base class of the other exceptions in this module. It is a subclass of
<code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">Exception</code>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.NotConnected">
exception httplib.NotConnected<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.NotConnected" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPException" title="httplib.HTTPException"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">HTTPException</code></a>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.InvalidURL">
exception httplib.InvalidURL<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.InvalidURL" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPException" title="httplib.HTTPException"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">HTTPException</code></a>, raised if a port is given and is either
non-numeric or empty.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.3.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.UnknownProtocol">
exception httplib.UnknownProtocol<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.UnknownProtocol" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPException" title="httplib.HTTPException"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">HTTPException</code></a>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.UnknownTransferEncoding">
exception httplib.UnknownTransferEncoding<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.UnknownTransferEncoding" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPException" title="httplib.HTTPException"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">HTTPException</code></a>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.UnimplementedFileMode">
exception httplib.UnimplementedFileMode<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.UnimplementedFileMode" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPException" title="httplib.HTTPException"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">HTTPException</code></a>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.IncompleteRead">
exception httplib.IncompleteRead<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.IncompleteRead" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPException" title="httplib.HTTPException"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">HTTPException</code></a>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.ImproperConnectionState">
exception httplib.ImproperConnectionState<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.ImproperConnectionState" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPException" title="httplib.HTTPException"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">HTTPException</code></a>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.CannotSendRequest">
exception httplib.CannotSendRequest<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.CannotSendRequest" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.ImproperConnectionState" title="httplib.ImproperConnectionState"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">ImproperConnectionState</code></a>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.CannotSendHeader">
exception httplib.CannotSendHeader<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.CannotSendHeader" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.ImproperConnectionState" title="httplib.ImproperConnectionState"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">ImproperConnectionState</code></a>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.ResponseNotReady">
exception httplib.ResponseNotReady<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.ResponseNotReady" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.ImproperConnectionState" title="httplib.ImproperConnectionState"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">ImproperConnectionState</code></a>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.BadStatusLine">
exception httplib.BadStatusLine<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.BadStatusLine" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPException" title="httplib.HTTPException"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">HTTPException</code></a>. Raised if a server responds with a HTTP
status code that we don’t understand.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
</dd></dl>

The constants defined in this module are:
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTP_PORT">
httplib.HTTP_PORT<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTP_PORT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The default port for the HTTP protocol (always <code class="docutils literal notranslate">80</code>).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPS_PORT">
httplib.HTTPS_PORT<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPS_PORT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The default port for the HTTPS protocol (always <code class="docutils literal notranslate">443</code>).
</dd></dl>

and also the following constants for integer status codes:
<table class="docutils align-default">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 34%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 58%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Constant</th>
<th class="head">Value</th>
<th class="head">Definition</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">CONTINUE</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">100</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.1.1">RFC 2616, Section
10.1.1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">101</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.1.2">RFC 2616, Section
10.1.2</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">PROCESSING</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">102</code></td>
<td>WEBDAV, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_102">RFC 2518, Section 10.1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">OK</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">200</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.1">RFC 2616, Section
10.2.1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">CREATED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">201</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.2">RFC 2616, Section
10.2.2</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">ACCEPTED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">202</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.3">RFC 2616, Section
10.2.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">203</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.4">RFC 2616, Section
10.2.4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">NO_CONTENT</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">204</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.5">RFC 2616, Section
10.2.5</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">RESET_CONTENT</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">205</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.6">RFC 2616, Section
10.2.6</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">PARTIAL_CONTENT</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">206</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.7">RFC 2616, Section
10.2.7</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">MULTI_STATUS</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">207</code></td>
<td>WEBDAV <a class="reference external" href="http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_207">RFC 2518, Section 10.2</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">IM_USED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">226</code></td>
<td>Delta encoding in HTTP,
<a class="rfc reference external" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3229.html">RFC 3229</a>, Section 10.4.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">MULTIPLE_CHOICES</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">300</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.1">RFC 2616, Section
10.3.1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">MOVED_PERMANENTLY</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">301</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.2">RFC 2616, Section
10.3.2</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">FOUND</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">302</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.3">RFC 2616, Section
10.3.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">SEE_OTHER</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">303</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.4">RFC 2616, Section
10.3.4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">NOT_MODIFIED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">304</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.5">RFC 2616, Section
10.3.5</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">USE_PROXY</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">305</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.6">RFC 2616, Section
10.3.6</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">TEMPORARY_REDIRECT</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">307</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.8">RFC 2616, Section
10.3.8</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">BAD_REQUEST</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">400</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.1">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">UNAUTHORIZED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">401</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.2">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.2</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">PAYMENT_REQUIRED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">402</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.3">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">FORBIDDEN</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">403</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.4">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">NOT_FOUND</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">404</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.5">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.5</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">405</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.6">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.6</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">NOT_ACCEPTABLE</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">406</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.7">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.7</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">407</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.8">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.8</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">REQUEST_TIMEOUT</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">408</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.9">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.9</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">CONFLICT</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">409</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.10">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.10</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">GONE</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">410</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.11">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.11</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">LENGTH_REQUIRED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">411</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.12">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.12</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">PRECONDITION_FAILED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">412</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.13">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.13</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">413</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.14">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.14</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">414</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.15">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.15</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">415</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.16">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.16</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">416</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.17">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.17</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">EXPECTATION_FAILED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">417</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.18">RFC 2616, Section
10.4.18</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">422</code></td>
<td>WEBDAV, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_422">RFC 2518, Section 10.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">LOCKED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">423</code></td>
<td>WEBDAV <a class="reference external" href="http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_423">RFC 2518, Section 10.4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">FAILED_DEPENDENCY</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">424</code></td>
<td>WEBDAV, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_424">RFC 2518, Section 10.5</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">UPGRADE_REQUIRED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">426</code></td>
<td>HTTP Upgrade to TLS,
<a class="rfc reference external" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2817.html">RFC 2817</a>, Section 6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">500</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.1">RFC 2616, Section
10.5.1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">NOT_IMPLEMENTED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">501</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.2">RFC 2616, Section
10.5.2</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">BAD_GATEWAY</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">502</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1 <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.3">RFC 2616, Section
10.5.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">503</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.4">RFC 2616, Section
10.5.4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">GATEWAY_TIMEOUT</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">504</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1 <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.5">RFC 2616, Section
10.5.5</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">505</code></td>
<td>HTTP/1.1, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.6">RFC 2616, Section
10.5.6</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">507</code></td>
<td>WEBDAV, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_507">RFC 2518, Section 10.6</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">NOT_EXTENDED</code></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">510</code></td>
<td>An HTTP Extension Framework,
<a class="rfc reference external" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2774.html">RFC 2774</a>, Section 7</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.responses">
httplib.responses<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.responses" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>This dictionary maps the HTTP 1.1 status codes to the W3C names.
Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">httplib.responses[httplib.NOT_FOUND]</code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'Not Found'</code>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.5.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<section id="httpconnection-objects">
<h2>20.7.1. HTTPConnection Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#httpconnection-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection" title="httplib.HTTPConnection"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">HTTPConnection</code></a> instances have the following methods:
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPConnection.request">
HTTPConnection.request(method, url[, body[, headers]])<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.request" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>This will send a request to the server using the HTTP request method method
and the selector url. If the body argument is present, it should be a
string of data to send after the headers are finished. Alternatively, it may
be an open file object, in which case the contents of the file is sent; this
file object should support <code class="docutils literal notranslate">fileno()</code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">read()</code> methods. The
headers argument should be a mapping of extra HTTP headers to send with
the request.
If one is not provided in headers, a <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Content-Length</code> header is added
automatically for all methods if the length of the body can be determined,
either from the length of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">str</code> representation, or from the reported
size of the file on disk. If body is <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code> the header is not set except
for methods that expect a body (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">PUT</code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">POST</code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">PATCH</code>) in which
case it is set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code>.
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 2.6: body can be a file object.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPConnection.getresponse">
HTTPConnection.getresponse()<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.getresponse" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Should be called after a request is sent to get the response from the server.
Returns an <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPResponse" title="httplib.HTTPResponse"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">HTTPResponse</code></a> instance.
<div class="admonition note">
Note
Note that you must have read the whole response before you can send a new
request to the server.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPConnection.set_debuglevel">
HTTPConnection.set_debuglevel(level)<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.set_debuglevel" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Set the debugging level (the amount of debugging output printed). The default
debug level is <code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code>, meaning no debugging output is printed.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPConnection.set_tunnel">
HTTPConnection.set_tunnel(host, port=None, headers=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.set_tunnel" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Set the host and the port for HTTP Connect Tunnelling. Normally used when
it is required to do HTTPS Connection through a proxy server.
The headers argument should be a mapping of extra HTTP headers to send
with the CONNECT request.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.7.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPConnection.connect">
HTTPConnection.connect()<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.connect" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Connect to the server specified when the object was created.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPConnection.close">
HTTPConnection.close()<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.close" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Close the connection to the server.
</dd></dl>

As an alternative to using the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">request()</code> method described above, you can
also send your request step by step, by using the four functions below.
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPConnection.putrequest">
HTTPConnection.putrequest(request, selector[, skip_host[, skip_accept_encoding]])<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.putrequest" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>This should be the first call after the connection to the server has been made.
It sends a line to the server consisting of the request string, the selector
string, and the HTTP version (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">HTTP/1.1</code>). To disable automatic sending of
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">Host:</code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Accept-Encoding:</code> headers (for example to accept additional
content encodings), specify skip_host or skip_accept_encoding with non-False
values.
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 2.4: skip_accept_encoding argument added.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPConnection.putheader">
HTTPConnection.putheader(header, argument[, ...])<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.putheader" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Send an <a class="rfc reference external" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822.html">RFC 822</a>-style header to the server. It sends a line to the server
consisting of the header, a colon and a space, and the first argument. If more
arguments are given, continuation lines are sent, each consisting of a tab and
an argument.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPConnection.endheaders">
HTTPConnection.endheaders(message_body=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.endheaders" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Send a blank line to the server, signalling the end of the headers. The
optional message_body argument can be used to pass a message body
associated with the request. The message body will be sent in the same
packet as the message headers if it is string, otherwise it is sent in a
separate packet.
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 2.7: message_body was added.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPConnection.send">
HTTPConnection.send(data)<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.send" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Send data to the server. This should be used directly only after the
<a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.endheaders" title="httplib.HTTPConnection.endheaders"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">endheaders()</code></a> method has been called and before <a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPConnection.getresponse" title="httplib.HTTPConnection.getresponse"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">getresponse()</code></a> is
called.
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="httpresponse-objects">
<h2>20.7.2. HTTPResponse Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#httpresponse-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<a class="reference internal" href="#httplib.HTTPResponse" title="httplib.HTTPResponse"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">HTTPResponse</code></a> instances have the following methods and attributes:
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPResponse.read">
HTTPResponse.read([amt])<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPResponse.read" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Reads and returns the response body, or up to the next amt bytes.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPResponse.getheader">
HTTPResponse.getheader(name[, default])<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPResponse.getheader" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Get the contents of the header name, or default if there is no matching
header.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPResponse.getheaders">
HTTPResponse.getheaders()<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPResponse.getheaders" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return a list of (header, value) tuples.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.4.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPResponse.fileno">
HTTPResponse.fileno()<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPResponse.fileno" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Returns the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">fileno</code> of the underlying socket.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPResponse.msg">
HTTPResponse.msg<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPResponse.msg" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A <a class="reference internal" href="mimetools.html#mimetools.Message" title="mimetools.Message"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">mimetools.Message</code></a> instance containing the response headers.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPResponse.version">
HTTPResponse.version<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPResponse.version" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>HTTP protocol version used by server. 10 for HTTP/1.0, 11 for HTTP/1.1.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPResponse.status">
HTTPResponse.status<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPResponse.status" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Status code returned by server.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="httplib.HTTPResponse.reason">
HTTPResponse.reason<a class="headerlink" href="#httplib.HTTPResponse.reason" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Reason phrase returned by server.
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="examples">
<h2>20.7.3. Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#examples" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
Here is an example session that uses the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">GET</code> method:
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt;&gt;&gt; import httplib
&gt;&gt;&gt; conn = httplib.HTTPSConnection(&quot;www.python.org&quot;)
&gt;&gt;&gt; conn.request(&quot;GET&quot;, &quot;/&quot;)
&gt;&gt;&gt; r1 = conn.getresponse()
&gt;&gt;&gt; print r1.status, r1.reason
200 OK
&gt;&gt;&gt; data1 = r1.read()
&gt;&gt;&gt; conn.request(&quot;GET&quot;, &quot;/&quot;)
&gt;&gt;&gt; r2 = conn.getresponse()
&gt;&gt;&gt; print r2.status, r2.reason
404 Not Found
&gt;&gt;&gt; data2 = r2.read()
&gt;&gt;&gt; conn.close()
</pre></div>
</div>
Here is an example session that uses the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">HEAD</code> method. Note that the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">HEAD</code> method never returns any data.
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt;&gt;&gt; import httplib
&gt;&gt;&gt; conn = httplib.HTTPSConnection(&quot;www.python.org&quot;)
&gt;&gt;&gt; conn.request(&quot;HEAD&quot;,&quot;/&quot;)
&gt;&gt;&gt; res = conn.getresponse()
&gt;&gt;&gt; print res.status, res.reason
200 OK
&gt;&gt;&gt; data = res.read()
&gt;&gt;&gt; print len(data)
0
&gt;&gt;&gt; data == &#39;&#39;
True
</pre></div>
</div>
Here is an example session that shows how to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">POST</code> requests:
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt;&gt;&gt; import httplib, urllib
&gt;&gt;&gt; params = urllib.urlencode({&#39;@number&#39;: 12524, &#39;@type&#39;: &#39;issue&#39;, &#39;@action&#39;: &#39;show&#39;})
&gt;&gt;&gt; headers = {&quot;Content-type&quot;: &quot;application/x-www-form-urlencoded&quot;,
... &quot;Accept&quot;: &quot;text/plain&quot;}
&gt;&gt;&gt; conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(&quot;bugs.python.org&quot;)
&gt;&gt;&gt; conn.request(&quot;POST&quot;, &quot;&quot;, params, headers)
&gt;&gt;&gt; response = conn.getresponse()
&gt;&gt;&gt; print response.status, response.reason
302 Found
&gt;&gt;&gt; data = response.read()
&gt;&gt;&gt; data
&#39;Redirecting to &lt;a href=&quot;http://bugs.python.org/issue12524&quot;&gt;http://bugs.python.org/issue12524&lt;/a&gt;&#39;
&gt;&gt;&gt; conn.close()
</pre></div>
</div>
Client side <code class="docutils literal notranslate">HTTP PUT</code> requests are very similar to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">POST</code> requests. The
difference lies only the server side where HTTP server will allow resources to
be created via <code class="docutils literal notranslate">PUT</code> request. Here is an example session that shows how to do
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">PUT</code> request using httplib:
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt;&gt;&gt; # This creates an HTTP message
&gt;&gt;&gt; # with the content of BODY as the enclosed representation
&gt;&gt;&gt; # for the resource http://localhost:8080/foobar
...
&gt;&gt;&gt; import httplib
&gt;&gt;&gt; BODY = &quot;***filecontents***&quot;
&gt;&gt;&gt; conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(&quot;localhost&quot;, 8080)
&gt;&gt;&gt; conn.request(&quot;PUT&quot;, &quot;/file&quot;, BODY)
&gt;&gt;&gt; response = conn.getresponse()
&gt;&gt;&gt; print response.status, response.reason
200, OK
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
</section>

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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#httpconnection-objects">20.7.1. HTTPConnection Objects</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#httpresponse-objects">20.7.2. HTTPResponse Objects</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#examples">20.7.3. Examples</a></li>
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${this.title}

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